Example Concept: In superconducting qubits, QEC typically employs surface codes that use a 2D lattice of qubits to detect and correct errors through nearest-neighbor interactions. This approach is well-suited to the planar architecture of superconducting circuits. In contrast, trapped ions benefit from their inherent connectivity and long coherence times, allowing for more flexible code structures such as the Bacon-Shor code, which can correct both bit-flip and phase-flip errors using fewer physical qubits.