Example Concept: Quantum error correction in superconducting qubits often employs the surface code, which arranges qubits in a 2D lattice. Each logical qubit is encoded into a grid of physical qubits, with stabilizer measurements used to detect errors. These measurements identify syndromes, which indicate the presence and type of errors (e.g., bit-flip or phase-flip) without collapsing the quantum state. By applying corrective operations based on the syndromes, the logical qubit's integrity is preserved, thus counteracting the effects of decoherence.