Example Concept: Quantum error correction codes, such as the surface code or Shor's code, are designed to protect quantum information from errors due to decoherence and operational faults. These codes require entangling multiple physical qubits to encode a logical qubit, which introduces significant overhead. The entanglement and measurement processes must be performed with high fidelity to ensure that errors are detected and corrected without introducing additional errors. The implementation of QECC also requires precise control over quantum gates and measurements to achieve fault tolerance, which is essential for scalable quantum computing.